Ancient Civilizations of Rajasthan

 The mounds of the Harappan Civilization / Indus Valley Civilization and first in 1826 AD. Charles Mason attracted attention.

The use of bricks obtained from the mounds of Harappan civilization was done in 1856 AD. John Burton and William Burton did it in laying the Lahore to Karachi railway line.

Alexander Cunningham surveyed the Harappan mounds in 1853 and 1856. done in

The Department of Archaeological Survey of India was first established in 1861 AD. by Alexander Cunningham. That is why he is called the father of archeology in India.

ACL Carlyle is credited with starting the archaeological survey work in Rajasthan for the first time (1871 AD).

1902 AD during the reign of Lord Curzon. The Archaeological Survey of India Department was reorganized in John Marshall worked in this department from 1902 to 1928. Served as Director General till

In 1921 AD under the leadership of Dayaram Sahni on the direction of John Marshall. The Harappan site was first discovered in

The Indus Valley Civilization was formally announced in London in 1924 by John Marshall in a newspaper called London Weekly.


The first site excavated after independence was Rangpur. Which was excavated by Ranganath Rai in 1952 AD and Rangpur was discovered by Madhoswaroop Vats in 1933 AD even before independence.


Kalibangan Civilization

Location - Hanumangarh

This place was identified by Dr. L. P. Tascitori.

This site is situated on the banks of Ghaggar (ancient Saraswati) river.

Inventor - Amalanand Ghosh 1952

Kalibanga is said to be the third capital of the Harappan Civilization.

excavation b. B. Lal and B.K. Thapar did it in 1961

Kalibanga, the poor settlement of Harappan, is called

Kalibanga means black bangles

The first Harappan site discovered in India after independence is Ropar (Punjab) -1950 AD


Items obtained from Kalibanga

mud bullock cart
Copper Vrishabha (bull) statue
evidence of earthquake
Fire altars
Mesh system farming system
Harappan pottery
wooden drains
conch bangles ivory comb
copper pin
copper knife
Use of raw bricks in houses

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